Summary of P450-dependent vitamin D₃ metabolism

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Vitamin D3
(1)
25-Hydroxyvitamin D3	(3)	24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3
(2)		(5)
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3	(4)	1,24,25-Trihydroxyvitamin D3

Vitamin D₃ carbon nomenclature

Pathways:

1. Vitamin D₃ 25-Hydroxyvitamin D₃
2. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D₃ 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃
3. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D₃ 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃
4. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃ 1,24,25-Trihydroxyvitamin D₃
5. 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃ 1,24,25-Trihydroxyvitamin D₃

• Steroid -hydroxylation at C1 [1]
• Sterol hydroxylation at C24 [2]
• Sterol hydroxylation at C25 [3]

P450cc25 (vitamin D₃ 25-hydroxylase), P450₁ (25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ 1-hydroxylase), CYP27 [1, 3]
EC 1.14.-.-

CP27_HUMAN
CP27_RABIT
CP27_RAT

CP24_HUMAN
CP24_MOUSE
CP24_RAT

References

1. Axén, E., Postlind, H., Sjöberg, H. and Wikvall, K. (1994) Liver mitochondrial cytochrome P450 CYP27 and recombinant-expressed human CYP27 catalyze 1-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 10014-10018.
2. Dilworth, F.J., Scott, I., Green, A., Strugnell, S., Guo, Y.-D., Roberts, E.A., Kremer, R., Calverley, M.J., Makin, H.L.J. and Jones, G. (1995) Different mechanisms of hydroxylation site selection by liver and kidney cytochrome P450 species (CYP27 and CYP24) involved in vitamin D metabolism. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 16766-16774.
3. Usui, E., Noshiro, M., Ohyama, Y. and Okuda, K. (1990) Unique property of liver mitochondrial P450 to catalyze the two physiologically important reactions involved in both cholesterol catabolism and vitamin D activation. FEBS Lett. 274, 175-177.

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