Selected references on Nitric Oxide Synthases

Last modified: Thu Apr 15 09:25:19 BST 2004

• Abu-Soud, H.M. and Stuehr, D.J. (1993) Nitric oxide synthases reveal a role for calmodulin in controlling electron transfer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 10769-10772.
• Abu-Soud, H.M., Feldman, P.L., Clark, P. and Stuehr, D.J. (1994) Electron transfer in the nitric-oxide synthases. Characterization of L-arginine analogs that block heme iron reduction. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 32318-32326.
• Abu-Soud, H.M., Wang, J., Rousseau, D.L., Fukuto, J.M., Ignarro, L.J. and Stuehr, D.J. (1995) Neuronal nitric oxide synthase self-inactivates by forming a ferrous-nitrosyl complex during aerobic catalysis. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 22997-23006.
• Abu-Soud, H.M., Presta, A., Mayer, B. and Stuehr, D.J. (1997) Analysis of neuronal NO synthase under single-turnover conditions: Conversion of N-hydroxyarginine to nitric oxide and citrulline. Biochemistry 36, 10811-10816.
• Abu-Soud, H.M., Wu, C., Ghosh, D.K. and Stuehr, D.J. (1998) Stopped-flow analysis of CO and NO binding to inducible nitric oxide synthase. Biochemistry 37, 3777-3786.
• Alderton, W.K., Boyhan, A. and Lowe, P.N. (1998) Nitroarginine and tetrahydrobiopterin binding to the haem domain of neuronal nitric oxide synthase using a scintillation proximity assay. Biochem. J. 332, 195-201.
• Babu, B.R. and Griffith, O.W. (1998) Design of isoform­selective inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2, 491-500.
• Baek, K.J., Thiel, B.A., Lucas, S. and Stuehr, D.J. (1993) Macrophage nitric oxide synthase subunits. Purification, characterization, and role of prosthetic groups and substrate in regulating their association into a dimeric enzyme. J. Biol. Chem. 268, 21120-21129.
• Balligand, J.L. and Cannon, P.J. (1997) Nitric oxide synthases and cardiac muscle. Autocrine and paracrine influences. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 17, 1846-1858.
• Balligand, J.L., Ungureanu-Longrois, D., Simmons, W.W., Kobzik, L., Lowenstein, C.J., Lamas, S., Kelly, R.A., Smith, T.W. and Michel, T. (1995) Induction of NO synthase in rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cells by IL-1ß and IFN-. Am. J. Physiol. 268, H1293-H1303.
• Bates, T.E., Loesch, A., Burnstock, G. and Clark, J.B. (1996) Mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase: a ubiquitous regulator of oxidative phosphorilation? Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 218, 40-44.
• Berka, V., Chen, P.-F. and Tsai, A.-L. (1996) Spatial relationship between L-arginine and heme binding sites of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 33293-33300.
• Berkels, R., Stockklauser, K., Rosen, P. and Rosen, R. (1997) Current status of platelet NO synthases. Thromb. Res. 87, 51-55.
• Bloch, K.D., Wolfram, J.R., Brown, D.M., Roberts, J.D., Zapol, D.G., Lepore, J.J., Filippov, G., Thomas, J.E., Jacob, H.J. and Bloch, D.B. (1995) Three members of the nitric oxide synthase II gene family (NOS2A, NOS2B, and NOS2C) colocalize to human chromosome 17. Genomics 27, 526-530.
• Boyhan, A., Smith, D., Charles, I.G., Saqi, M. and Lowe, P.N. (1997) Delineation of the arginine- and tetrahydrobiopterin-binding sites of neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Biochem. J. 323, 131-139.
• Bredt, D.S., Hwang, P.M., Glatt, C.E., Lowenstein, C., Reed, R.R. and Snyder, S.H. (1991) Cloned and expressed nitric oxide synthase structurally resembles cytochrome P-450 reductase. Nature 351, 714-718.
• Chabin, R.M., McCauley, E., Calaycay, J.R., Kelly, T.M., MacNaul, K.L., Wolfe, G.C., Hutchinson, N.I., Madhusudanaraju, S., Schmidt, J.A., Kozarich, J.W. and Wong, K.K. (1996) Active-site structure analysis of recombinant human inducible nitric oxide synthase using imidazole. Biochemistry 35, 9567-9575.
• Chao, D.S., Hwang, P.M., Huang, F. and Bredt, D.S. (1996) Localization of neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Methods Enzymol. 268, 488-496.
• Charles, I.G., Scorer, C.A., Moro, M.A., Fernàndez, C., Chubb, A., Dawson, J., Foxwell, N., Knowles, R.G. and Baylis, S.A. (1996) Expression of human nitric oxide synthase isozymes. Methods Enzymol. 268, 449-460.
• Chen, Y. and Rosazza, J.P.N. (1994) A bacterial nitric oxide synthase from a Nocardia species. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 203, 1251-1258.
• Chen, Y. and Rosazza, J.P.N. (1995) Purification and characterization of nitric oxide synthase (NOSNoc) from a Nocardia species. J. Bacteriol. 177, 5122-5128.
• Chen, P.-F., Tsai, A.-L. and Wu, K.K. (1995) Cysteine 99 of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS-III) is critical for tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent NOS-III stability and activity. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 215, 1119-1129.
• Chen, P.-F., Tsai, A.-L., Berka, V. and Wu, K.K. (1996) Endothelial nitric-oxide synthase: Evidence for bidomain structure and successful reconstitution of catalytic activity from two separate domains generated by a baculovirus expression system. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 14631-14635.
• Chen, P.-F., Tsai, A.-L., Berka, V. and Wu, K.K. (1997) Mutation of Glu-361 in human endothelial nitric-oxide synthase selectively abolishes L-arginine binding without perturbing the behavior of heme and other redox centers. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 6114-6118.
• Cho, H.J., Martin, E., Xie, Q.-w., Sassa, S. and Nathan, C. (1995) Inducible nitric oxide synthase: Identification of amino acid residues essential for dimerization and binding of tetrahydrobiopterin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 11514-11518.
• Conte, A. and Ottaviani, E. (1995) Nitric oxide synthase activity in molluscan hemocytes. FEBS Lett. 365, 120-124.
• Corbett, J.A. and McDaniel, M.L. (1996) Selective inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase by aminoguanidine. Methods Enzymol. 268, 398-408.
• Crane, B.R., Arvai, A.S., Gachhui, R., Wu, C., Ghosh, D.K., Getzoff, E.D., Stuehr, D.J. and Tainer, J.A. (1997) The structure of nitric oxide synthase oxygenase domain and inhibitor complexes. Science 278, 425-431.
• Cubberley, R.R., Alderton, W.K., Boyhan, A., Charles, I.G., Lowe, P.N. and Old, R.W. (1997) Cysteine-200 of human inducible nitric oxide synthase is essential for dimerization of haem domains and for binding of haem, nitroarginine and tetrahydrobiopterin. Biochem. J. 323, 141-146.
• Dawson, T.M. and Dawson, V.L. (1996) Generation of isoform-specific antibodies to nitric oxide synthases. Methods Enzymol. 268, 349-358.
• Eliasson, M.J.L., Blackshaw, S., Schell, M.J. and Snyder, S.H. (1997) Neuronal nitric oxide synthase alternatively spliced forms: Prominent functional localizations in the brain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 3396-3401.
• Fan, B., Wang, J., Stuehr, D.J. and Rousseau, D.L. (1997) NO synthase isozymes have distinct substrate binding sites. Biochemistry 36, 12660-12665.
• Fast, W., Levsky, M.E., Marletta, M.A. and Silverman, R.B. (1997) N-propargyl-L-arginine and N-hydroxy-N-propargyl-L-arginine are inhibitors, but not inactivators, of neuronal and macrophage nitric oxide synthases. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 5, 1601-1608.
• Fast, W., Nikolic, D., van Breemen, R.B. and Silverman, R.B. (1999) Mechanistic studies of the inactivation of inducible nitric oxide synthase by N⁵-(1-iminoethyl)-L-ornithine (L-NIO). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121, 903-916.
• Feron, O., Belhassen, L., Kobzik, L., Smith, T.W., Kelly, R.A. and Michel, T. (1996) Endothelial nitric oxide synthase targeting to caveolae. Specific interactions with caveolin isoforms in cardiac myocytes and endothelial cells. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 22810-22814.
• Feron, O., Michel, J.B., Sase, K. and Michel, T. (1998) Dynamic regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase: Complementary roles of dual acylation and caveolin interactions. Biochemistry 37, 193-200.
• Förstermann, U. and Dun, N.J. (1996) Immunohistochemical localization of nitric oxide synthases. Methods Enzymol. 268, 510-515.
• Förstermann, U. and Gath, I. (1996) Purification of isoforms of nitric oxide synthase. Methods Enzymol. 268, 334-339.
• Förstermann, U., Kleinert, H., Gath, I., Schwarz, P., Closs, E.I. and Dun, N.J. (1995) Expression and expressional control of nitric oxide synthases in various cell types. Adv. Pharmacol. 34, 171-186.
• Fukuto, J.M. (1996) Chemistry of N-hydroxy-L-arginine. Methods Enzymol. 268, 365-375.
• Gachhui, R., Presta, A., Bentley, D.F., Abu-Soud, H.M., McArthur, R., Brudvig, G., Ghosh, D.K. and Stuehr, D.J. (1996) Characterization of the reductase domain of rat neuronal nitric oxide synthase generated in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. Calmodulin response is complete within the reductase domain itself. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 20594-20602.
• Gachhui, R., Ghosh, D.K., Wu, C., Parkinson, J., Crane, B.R. and Stuehr, D.J. (1997) Mutagenesis of acidic residues in the oxygenase domain of inducible nitric-oxide synthase identifies a glutamate involved in arginine binding. Biochemistry 36, 5097-5103.
• Gachhui, R., Abu-Soud, H.M., Ghosh, D.K., Presta, A., Blazing, M.A., Mayer, B., George, S.E. and Stuehr, D.J. (1998) Neuronal nitric-oxide synthase interaction with calmodulin-troponin C chimeras. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 5451-5454.
• Galli, C., MacArthur, R., Abu-Soud, H.M., Clark, P., Stuehr, D.J. and Brudvig, G.W. (1996) EPR spectroscopic characterization of neuronal NO synthase. Biochemistry 35, 2804-2810.
• García-Cardeña, G., Oh, P., Liu, J., Schnitzer, J.E. and Sessa, W.C. (1996) Targeting of nitric oxide synthase to endothelial cell caveolae via palmitoylation: Implications for nitric oxide signaling. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 6448-6453.
• Garvey, E.P., Furfine, E.S. and Sherman, P.A. (1996) Purification and inhibitor screening of human nitric oxide synthase isozymes. Methods Enzymol. 268, 339-349.
• Gerber, N.C. and Ortiz de Montellano, P.R. (1995) Neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Expression in Escherichia coli, irreversible inhibition by phenyldiazene, and active site topology. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 17791-17796.
• Ghosh, D.K. and Stuehr, D.J. (1995) Macrophage NO synthase: characterization of isolated oxygenase and reductase domains reveals a head-to-head subunit interaction. Biochemistry 34, 801-807.
• Ghosh, D.K., Abu-Soud, H.M. and Stuehr, D.J. (1996) Domains of macrophage NO synthase have divergent roles in forming and stabilizing the active dimeric enzyme. Biochemistry 35, 1444-1449.
• Ghosh, D.K., Wu, C., Pitters, E., Moloney, M., Werner, E.R., Mayer, B. and Stuehr, D.J. (1997) Characterization of the inducible nitric oxide synthase oxygenase domain identifies a 49 amino acid segment required for subunit dimerization and tetrahydrobiopterin interaction. Biochemistry 36, 10609-10619.
• Gorren, A.C.F., List, B.M., Schrammel, A., Pitters, E., Hemmens, B., Werner, E.R., Schmidt, K. and Mayer, B. (1996) Tetrahydrobiopterin-free neuronal nitric oxide synthase: Evidence for two identical highly anticooperative pteridine binding sites. Biochemistry 35, 16735-16745.
• Gorren, A.C.F., Schrammel, A., Schmidt, K. and Mayer, B. (1998) Effects of pH on the structure and function of neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Biochem. J. 331, 801-807.
• Griffith, O.W. and Kilbourn, R.G. (1996) Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors: amino acids. Methods Enzymol. 268, 375-392.
• Hattori, R., Sase, K., Eizawa, H., Kosuga, K., Aoyama, T., Inoue, R., Sasayama, S., Kawai, C. and Yui, Y. (1994) Structure and function of nitric oxide synthases. Int. J. Cardiol. 47, S71-75.
• Heales, S.J., Barker, J.E., Stewart, V.C., Brand, M.P., Hargreaves, I.P., Foppa, P., Land, J.M., Clark, J.B. and Bolanos, J.P. (1997) Nitric oxide, energy metabolism and neurological disease. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 25, 939-943.
• Hevel, J.M. and Marletta, M.A. (1992) Macrophage nitric oxide synthase: relationship between enzyme-bound tetrahydrobiopterin and synthase activity. Biochemistry 31, 7160-7165.
• Hofmann, H. and Schmidt, H.H. (1995) Thiol dependence of nitric oxide synthase. Biochemistry 34, 13443-13452.
• Huang, L., Abu-Soud, H.M., Hille, R. and Stuehr, D.J. (1999) Nitric oxide-generated P420 nitric oxide synthase: Characterization and roles for tetrahydrobiopterin and substrate in protecting against or reversing the P420 conversion. Biochemistry 38, 1912-1920.
• Hurshman, A.R. and Marletta, M.A. (1995) Nitric oxide complexes of inducible nitric oxide synthase: spectral characterization and effect on catalytic activity. Biochemistry 34, 5627-5634.
• Ikeda, U. and Shimada, K. (1997) Nitric oxide and cardiac failure. Clin. Cardiol. 20, 837-841.
• Ito, S., Carretero, O.A. and Abe, K. (1997) Role of nitric oxide in the control of glomerular microcirculation. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 24, 578-581.
• Klatt, P., Schmidt, K., Lehner, D., Glatter, O., Bachinger, H.P. and Mayer, B. (1995) Structural analysis of porcine brain nitric oxide synthase reveals a role for tetrahydrobiopterin and L-arginine in the formation of an SDS-resistant dimer. EMBO J. 14, 3687-3695.
• Klatt, P., Pfeiffer, S., List, B.M., Lehner, D., Glatter, O., Bachinger, H.P., Werner, E.R., Schmidt, K. and Mayer, B. (1996a) Characterization of heme-deficient neuronal nitric-oxide synthase reveals a role for heme in subunit dimerization and binding of the amino acid substrate and tetrahydrobiopterin. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 7336-7342.
• Klatt, P., Schmidt, K., Werner, E.R. and Mayer, B. (1996b) Determination of nitric oxide synthase cofactors: Heme, FAD, FMN, and tetrahydrobiopterin. Methods Enzymol. 268, 358-365.
• Knowles, R.G. (1997) Nitric oxide biochemistry. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 25, 895-901.
• Knowles, R.G. and Moncada, S. (1994) Nitric oxide synthases in mammals. Biochem. J. 298, 249-258.
• Komori, Y., Hyun, J., Chiang, K. and Fukuto, J.M. (1995) The role of thiols in the apparent activation of rat brain nitric oxide synthase (NOS). J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 117, 923-927.
• Kone, B.C. (1997) Nitric oxide in renal health and disease. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 30, 311-333.
• Kröncke, K.-D., Fehsel, K. and Kolb-Bachofen, V. (1995) Inducible nitric oxide synthase and its product nitric oxide, a small molecule with complex biological activities. Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 376, 327-343.
• Lee, C.M., Robinson, L.J. and Michel, T. (1995) Oligomerization of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Evidence for a dominant negative effect of truncation mutants. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 27403-27406.
• List, B.M., Klatt, P., Werner, E.R., Schmidt, K. and Mayer, B. (1996) Overexpression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in insect cells reveals requirement of haem for tetrahydrobiopterin binding. Biochem. J. 315, 57-63.
• List, B.M., Klösch, B., Völker, C., A.C.F. Gorren, A.C.F., Sessa, W.C., Werner, E.R., Kukovetz, W.R., Schmidt, K. and Mayer, B. (1997) Characterization of bovine endothelial nitric oxide synthase as a homodimer with down-regulated uncoupled NADPH oxidase activity: tetrahydrobiopterin binding kinetics and role of haem in dimerization. Biochem. J. 323, 159-165.
• Liu, J., García-Cardeña, G. and Sessa, W.C. (1995) Biosynthesis and palmitoylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase: Mutagenesis of palmitoylation sites, cysteines-15 and/or -26, argues against depalmitoylation-induced translocation of the enzyme. Biochemistry 34, 12333-12340.
• Liu, Q. and Gross, S.S. (1996) Binding sites of nitric oxide synthases. Methods Enzymol. 268, 311-324.
• Lowe, P.N., Smith, D., Stammers, D.K., Riveros-Moreno, V., Moncada, S., Charles, I. and Boyhan, A. (1996) Identification of the domains of neuronal nitric oxide synthase by limited proteolysis. Biochem. J. 314, 55-62.
• McMillan, K. and Masters, B.S.S. (1995) Prokaryotic expression of the heme- and flavin-binding domains of rat neuronal nitric oxide synthase as distinct polypeptides: identification of the heme-binding proximal thiolate ligand as cysteine-415. Biochemistry 34, 3686-3693.
• McMillan, K., Salerno, J.C. and Masters, B.S.S. (1996) Nitric oxide synthases: Analogies to cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and characterization of recombinant rat neuronal nitric oxide synthase hemoprotein. Methods Enzymol. 268, 460-472.
• Maines, M.D. (1996) Carbon monoxide and nitric oxide homology: Differential modulation of heme oxygenases in brain and detection of protein and activity. Methods Enzymol. 268, 473-488.
• Mansuy, D., Boucher, J.-L. and Clement, B. (1995) On the mechanism of nitric oxide formation upon oxidative cleavage of C=N(OH) bonds by NO-synthases and cytochromes P450. Biochimie 77, 661-667.
• Marletta, M.A. (1994) Nitric oxide synthase: aspects concerning structure and catalysis. Cell 78, 927-930.
• Martásek, P., Liu, Q., Liu, J., Roman, L.J., Gross, S.S., Sessa, W.C. and Masters, B.S.S. (1996) Characterization of bovine endothelial nitric oxide synthase expressed in E. coli. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 219, 359-365.
• Masters, B.S.S., McMillan, K., Nishimura, J., Martásek, P., Roman, L.J., Sheta, E., Gross, S.S. and Salerno, J. (1996) Understanding the structural aspects of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) using microdissection by molecular cloning techniques: Molecular dissection of neuronal NOS. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 387, 163-169.
• Mayer, B., Klatt, P., List, B., Harteneck, C. and Schmidt, K. (1996) Large-scale purification of rat brain nitric oxide synthase from baculovorus overexpression system. Methods Enzymol. 268, 420-427.
• Mayer, B., Wu, C., Gorren, A.C., Pfeiffer, S., Schmidt, K., Clark, P., Stuehr, D.J. and Werner, E.R. (1997) Tetrahydrobiopterin binding to macrophage inducible nitric oxide synthase: Heme spin shift and dimer stabilization by the potent pterin antagonist 4-amino-tetrahydrobiopterin. Biochemistry 36, 8422-8427.
• Melillo, G., Musso, T., Sica, A., Taylor, L.S., Cox, G.W. and Varesio, L. (1995) A hypoxia-responsive element mediates a novel pathway of activation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase promoter. J. Exp. Med. 182, 1683-1693.
• Melillo, G., Taylor, L.S., Brooks, A., Musso, T., Cox, G.W. and Varesio, L. (1997) Functional requirement of the hypoxia-responsive element in the activation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase promoter by the iron chelator desferrioxamine. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 12236-12243.
• Melis, M.R. and Argiolas, A. (1997) Role of central nitric oxide in the control of penile erection and yawning. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 21, 899-922.
• Michel, J.B., Feron, O., Sase, K., Prabhakar, P. and Michel, T. (1997) Caveolin versus calmodulin. Counterbalancing allosteric modulators of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 25907-25912.
• Michel, T. and Feron, O. (1997) Nitric oxide synthases: which, where, how, and why? J. Clin. Invest. 100, 2146-2152.
• Migita, C.T., Salerno, J.C., Masters, B.S.S., Martásek, P., McMillan, K. and Ikeda-Saito, M. (1997) Substrate binding-induced changes in the EPR spectra of the ferrous nitric oxide complexes of neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Biochemistry 36, 10987-10992.
• Miller, R.T., Martásek, P., Roman, L.J., Nishimura, J.S. and Masters, B.S.S. (1997) Involvement of the reductase domain of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in superoxide anion production. Biochemistry 36, 15277-15284.
• Moali, C., Boucher, J.-L., Sari, M.-A., Stuehr, D.J. and Mansuy, D. (1998) Substrate specificity of NO synthases: Detailed comparison of L-arginine, homo-L-arginine, their N-hydroxy derivatives, and N-hydroxynor-L-arginine. Biochemistry 37, 10453-10460.
• Moore, P.K. and Bland-Ward, P.A. (1996) 7-Nitroindazole: An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. Methods Enzymol. 268, 393-398.
• Nathan, C. and Xie, Q.-w. (1994) Nitric oxide synthase: roles, tolls, and controls. Cell 78, 915-918.
• Nishimura, J.S., Martásek, P., McMillan, K., Salerno, J., Liu, Q., Gross, S.S. and Masters, B.S.S. (1995) Modular structure of neuronal nitric oxide synthase: localization of the arginine binding site and modulation by pterin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 210, 288-294.
• Olken, N.M., Osawa, Y. and Marletta, M.A. (1994) Characterization of the inactivation of nitric oxide synthase by N^G-methyl-L-arginine: Evidence for heme loss. Biochemistry 33, 14784-14791.
• Pasquet, J.P.E.E., Zou, M.H. and Ullrich, V. (1996) Peroxynitrite inhibition of nitric oxide synthases. Biochimie 78, 785-791.
• Paveto, C., Pereira, C., Espinosa, J., Montagna, A.E., Farber, M., Esteva, M., Flawia, M.M. and Torres, H.N. (1995) The nitric oxide transduction pathway in Trypanosoma cruzi. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 16576-16579.
• Perry, J.M., Moon, N., Zhao, Y., Dunham, W.R. and Marletta, M.A. (1998) The high-potential flavin and heme of nitric oxide synthase are not magnetically linked: implications for electron transfer. Chemistry & Biology 5, 355-364.
• Persechini, A., McMillan, K. and Masters, B.S.S. (1995) Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase activity by Zn²⁺ ion. Biochemistry 34, 15091-15095.
• Pfeiffer, S., Gorren, A.C.F., Pitters, E., Schmidt, K., Werner, E.R. and Mayer, B. (1997) Allosteric modulation of rat brain nitric oxide synthase by the pterin-site enzyme inhibitor 4-aminotetrahydrobiopterin. Biochem. J. 328, 349-352.
• Ponting, C.P. and Phillips, C. (1995) DHR domains in syntrophins, neuronal NO synthases and other intracellular proteins. Trends Biochem. Sci. 20, 102-103.
• Presta, A., Siddhanta, U., Wu, C., Sennequier, N., Huang, L., Abu-Soud, H.M., Erzurum, S. and Stuehr, D.J. (1998a) Comparative functioning of dihydro- and tetrahydropterins in supporting electron transfer, catalysis, and subunit dimerization in inducible nitric oxide synthase. Biochemistry 37, 298-310.
• Presta, A., Weber-Main, A.M., Stankovich, M.T. and Stuehr, D.J. (1998b) Comparative effects of substrates and pterin cofactor on the heme midpoint potential in inducible and neuronal nitric oxide synthases. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, 9460-9465.
• Pufahl, R.A., Wishnok, J.S. and Marletta, M.A. (1995) Hydrogen peroxide-supported oxidation of N^G-hydroxy-L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase. Biochemistry 34, 1930-1941.
• Rafferty, S. and Malech, H.L. (1996) High reductase activity of recombinant NOS2 flavoprotein domain lacking the calmodulin binding regulatory sequence. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 220, 1002-1007.
• Ralston, S.H. (1997) Nitric oxide and bone: what a gas! Br. J. Rheumatol. 36, 831-838.
• Regulski, M. and Tully, T. (1995) Molecular and biochemical characterization of dNOS: A Drosophila Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent nitric oxide synthase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 9072-9076.
• Reif, D.W. and McCreedy, S.A. (1995) N-nitro-L-arginine and N-monomethyl-L-arginine exhibit a different pattern of inactivation toward the three nitric oxide synthases. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 320, 170-176.
• Renodon-Cornière, A., Boucher, J.-L., Dijols, S., Stuehr, D.J. and Mansuy, D. (1999) Efficient formation of nitric oxide from selective oxidation of N-aryl N'-hydroxyguanidines by inducible nitric oxide synthase. Biochemistry 38, 4663-4668.
• Richards, M.K., Clague, M.J. and Marletta, M.A. (1996) Characterization of C415 mutants of neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Biochemistry 35, 7772-7780.
• Robinson, L.J. and Michel, T. (1995) Mutagenesis of palmitoylation sites in endothelial nitric oxide synthase identifies a novel motif for dual acylation and subcellular targeting. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 11776-11780.
• Robinson, L.J., Ghanouni, P. and Michel, T. (1996) Posttranslational modifications of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Methods Enzymol. 268, 436-448.
• Rodríguez-Crespo, I., Moënne-Loccoz, P., Loehr, T.M. and Ortiz de Montellano, P.R. (1997) Endothelial nitric oxide synthase: Modulations of the distal heme site produced by progressive N-terminal deletions. Biochemistry 36, 8530-8538.
• Ruan, J., Xie, Q.-w., Hutchinson, N., Cho, H., Wolfe, G.C. and Nathan, C. (1996) Inducible nitric oxide synthase requires both the canonical calmodulin-binding domain and additional sequences in order to bind calmodulin and produce nitric oxide in the absence of free Ca²⁺. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 22679-22686.
• Salerno, J.C., Frey, C., McMillan, K., Williams, R.F., Masters, B.S.S. and Griffith, O.W. (1995) Characterization by electron paramagnetic resonance of the interactions of L-arginine and L-thiocitrulline with the heme cofactor region of nitric oxide synthase. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 27423-27428.
• Salerno, J.C., Martásek, P., Roman, L.J. and Masters, B.S.S. (1996a) Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of the heme domain of inducible nitric oxide synthase: Binding of ligands at the arginine site induces changes in the heme ligation geometry. Biochemistry 35, 7626-7630.
• Salerno, J.C., McMillan, K. and Masters, B.S.S. (1996b) Binding of intermediate, product, and substrate analogs to neuronal nitric oxide synthase: Ferriheme is sensitive to ligand-specific effects in the L-arginine binding site. Biochemistry 35, 11839-11845.
• Salerno, J.C., Harris, D.E., Irizarry, K., Patel, B., Morales, A.J., Smith, S.M.E., Martásek, P., Roman, L.J., Masters, B.S.S., Jones, C.L., Weissman, B.A., Lane, P., Liu, Q. and Gross, S.S. (1997) An autoinhibitory control element defines calcium-regulated isoforms of nitric oxide synthase. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 29769-29777.
• Sari, M.-A., Booker, S., Jaouen, M., Vadon, S., Boucher, J.-L., Pompon, D. and Mansuy, D. (1996) Expression in yeast and purification of functional macrophage nitric oxide synthase. Evidence for cysteine-194 as iron proximal ligand. Biochemistry 35, 7204-7213.
• Sato, E.F., Utsumi, K. and Inoue, M. (1996) Human oral neutrophils: Isolation and characterization. Methods Enzymol. 268, 503-509.
• Schmidt, H.H., Pollock, J.S., Nakane, M., Forstermann, U. and Murad, F. (1992) Ca²⁺/calmodulin-regulated nitric oxide synthases. Cell Calcium 13, 427-434.
• Sennequier, N. and Stuehr, D.J. (1996) Analysis of substrate-induced electronic, catalytic, and structural changes in inducible NO synthase. Biochemistry 35, 5883-5892.
• Sessa, W.C. (1994) The nitric oxide synthase family of proteins. J. Vasc. Res. 31, 131-143.
• Sessa, W.C., García-Cardeña, G., Liu, J., Keh, A., Pollock, J.S., Bradley, J., Thiru, S., Braverman, I.M. and Desai, K.M. (1995) The Golgi association of endothelial nitric oxide synthase is necessary for the efficient synthesis of nitric oxide. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 17641-17644.
• Shaul, P.W., Smart, E.J., Robinson, L.J., German, Z., Yuhanna, I.S., Ying, Y., Anderson, R.G.W. and Michel, T. (1996) Acylation targets endothelial nitric-oxide synthase to plasmalemmal caveolae. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 6518-6522.
• Sheta, E.A., McMillan, K. and Masters, B.S.S. (1994) Evidence for a bidomain structure of constitutive cerebellar nitric oxide synthase. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 15147-15153.
• Siddhanta, U., Wu, C., Abu-Soud, H.M., Zhang, J., Ghosh, D.K. and Stuehr, D.J. (1996) Heme iron reduction and catalysis by a nitric oxide synthase heterodimer containing one reductase and two oxygenase domains. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 7309-7312.
• Siddhanta, U., Presta, A., Fan, B., Wolan, D., Rousseau, D.L. and Stuehr, D.J. (1998) Domain swapping in inducible nitric-oxide synthase. Electron transfer occurs between flavin and heme groups located on adjacent subunits in the dimer. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 18950-18958.
• Simmons, W.W., Ungureanu-Longrois, D., Smith, G.K., Smith, T.W. and Kelly, R.A. (1996) Glucocorticoids regulate inducible nitric oxide synthase by inhibiting tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis and L-arginine transport. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 23928-23937.
• Smith, T.W., Balligand, J.L., Kaye, D.M., Wiviott, S.D., Simmons, W.W., Han, X., Michel, T., Singh, K. and Kelly, R.A. (1996) The role of the NO pathway in the control of cardiac function. J. Card. Fail. 2, S141-S147.
• Sono, M., Stuehr, D.J., Ikeda-Saito, M. and Dawson, J.H. (1995) Identification of nitric oxide synthase as a thiolate-ligated heme protein using magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. Comparison with cytochrome P-450-CAM and chloroperoxidase. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 19943-19948.
• Sparrow, J.R. (1994) Inducible nitric oxide synthase in the central nervous system. J. Mol. Neurosci. 5, 219-229.
• Star, R.A. (1997) Intrarenal localization of nitric oxide synthase isoforms and soluble guanylyl cyclase. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 24, 607-610.
• Stevens, B.R., Kakuda, D.K., Yu, K., Waters, M., Vo, C.B. and Raizada, M.K. (1996) Induced nitric oxide synthesis is dependent on induced alternatively spliced CAT-2 encoding L-arginine transport in brain astrocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 24017-24022.
• Stevens-Truss, R., Beckingham, K. and Marletta, M.A. (1997) Calcium binding sites of calmodulin and electron transfer by neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Biochemistry 36, 12337-12345.
• Stuehr, D.J. (1996) Purification and properties of nitric oxide synthases. Methods Enzymol. 268, 324-333.
• Stuehr, D.J. and Ikeda-Saito, M. (1992) Spectral characterization of brain and macrophage nitric oxide synthases. Cytochrome P-450-like hemeproteins that contain a flavin semiquinone radical. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 20547-20550.
• Su, Z., Blazing, M.A., Fan, D. and George, S.E. (1995) The calmodulin-nitric oxide synthase interaction. Critical role of the calmodulin latch domain in enzyme activation. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 29117-29122.
• Tsai, A.-L., Berka, V., Chen, P.-F. and Palmer, G. (1996) Characterization of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase and its reaction with ligand by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 32563-32571.
• Tzeng, E., Billiar, T.R., Robbins, P.D., Loftus, M. and Stuehr, D.J. (1995) Expression of human inducible nitric oxide synthase in a tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B)-deficient cell line: H4B promotes assembly of enzyme subunits into an active dimer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 11771-11775.
• Uvarov, V.Yu. and Lyashenko, A.A. (1995) The identification of the pterin-binding domain in the nitric oxide synthase's sequence. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 206, 736-741.
• Vasquez-Vivar, J., Hogg, N., Pritchard, K.A., Jr., Martásek, P. and Kalyanaraman, B. (1997a) Superoxide anion formation from lucigenin: an electron spin resonance spin-trapping study. FEBS Lett. 403, 127-130.
• Vasquez-Vivar, J., Martásek, P., Hogg, N., Masters, B.S.S., Pritchard, K.A., Jr. and Kalyanaraman, B. (1997b) Endothelial nitric oxide synthase-dependent superoxide generation from adriamycin. Biochemistry 36, 11293-11297.
• Venema, R.C., Sayegh, H.S., Arnal, J.F. and Harrison, D.G. (1995) Role of the enzyme calmodulin-binding domain in membrane association and phospholipid inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 14705-14711.
• Venema, R.C., Sayegh, H.S., Kent, J.D. and Harrison, D.G. (1996) Identification, characterization, and comparison of the calmodulin-binding domains of the endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthases. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 6435-6440.
• Wallace, M.N. (1996) NADPH diaphorase activity in activated astrocytes representing inducible nitric oxide synthase. Methods Enzymol. 268, 497-503.
• Wang, Y. and Marsden, P.A. (1995a) Nitric oxide synthases: biochemical and molecular regulation. Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 4, 12-22.
• Wang, Y. and Marsden, P.A. (1995b) Nitric oxide synthases: gene structure and regulation. Adv. Pharmacol. 34, 71-90.
• Wang, J., Stuehr, D.J., Ikeda-Saito, M. and Rousseau, D.L. (1993) Heme coordination and structure of the catalytic site in nitric oxide synthase. J. Biol. Chem. 268, 22255-22258.
• Wang, J., Rousseau, D.L., Abu-Soud, H.M. and Stuehr, D.J. (1994) Heme coordination of NO in NO synthase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 10512-10516.
• Wang, J., Stuehr, D.J. and Rousseau, D.L. (1995) Tetrahydrobiopterin-deficient nitric oxide synthase has a modified heme environment and forms a cytochrome P-420 analogue. Biochemistry 34, 7080-7087.
• Wang, J., Stuehr, D.J. and Rousseau, D.L. (1997) Interactions between substrate analogues and heme ligands in nitric oxide synthase. Biochemistry 36, 4595-4606.
• Wolff, D.J., Naddelman, R.A., Lubeskie, A. and Saks, D.A. (1996) Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase isoforms by porphyrins. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 333, 27-34.
• Wolthers, K.R. and Schimerlik, M.I. (2001) Reaction of neuronal nitric-oxide synthase with 2,6-dichloroindolphenol and cytochrome c³⁺: influence of the electron acceptor and binding of Ca²⁺-activated calmodulin on the kinetic mechanism. Biochemistry 40, 4722-4737.
• Wu, C.-C. and Thiemermann, C. (1996) Biological control and inhibition of induction of nitric oxide synthase. Methods Enzymol. 268, 408-420.
• Wu, C., Zhang, J., Abu-Soud, H., Ghosh, D.K. and Stuehr, D.J. (1996) High-level expression of mouse inducible nitric oxide synthase in Escherichia coli requires coexpression with calmodulin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 222, 439-444.
• Xia, H. and Bredt, D.S. (1996) Cloned and expressed nitric oxide synthase proteins. Methods Enzymol. 268, 427-436.
• Xie, Q.-w., Cho, H., Kashiwabara, Y., Baum, M., Weidner, J.R., Elliston, K., Mumford, R. and Nathan, C. (1994) Carboxyl terminus of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Contribution to NADPH binding and enzymatic activity. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 28500-28505.
• Xie, J., Roddy, P., Rife, T.K., Murad, F. and Young, A.P. (1995) Two closely linked but separable promoters for human neuronal nitric oxide synthase gene transcription. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 1242-1246.
• Zhang, H.Q., Dixon, R.P., Marletta, M.A., Nikolic, D., van Breemen, R. and Silverman, R.B. (1997) Mechanism of inactivation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase by N-allyl-L-arginine. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119, 10888-10902.
• Zhang, J., McCarthy, T.J., Moore, W.M., Currie, M.G. and Welch, M.J. (1996) Synthesis and evaluation of two positron-labeled nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, S-[¹¹C]methylisothiourea and S-(2-[¹⁸F]fluoroethyl)isothiourea, as potential positron emission tomography tracers. J. Med. Chem. 39, 5110-5118.
• Zhang, M. and Vogel, H.J. (1994) Characterization of the calmodulin-binding domain of rat cerebellar nitric oxide synthase. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 981-985.
• Zhang, M., Fabian, H., Mantsch, H.H. and Vogel, H.J. (1994) Isotope-edited Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies of calmodulin's interaction with its target peptides. Biochemistry 33, 10883-10888.
• Zhang, M., Yuan, T., Aramini, J.M. and Vogel, H.J. (1995) Interaction of calmodulin with its binding domain of rat cerebellar nitric oxide synthase. A multinuclear NMR study. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 20901-20907.
• Zoche, M., Bienert, M., Beyermann, M. and Koch, K.-W. (1996) Distinct molecular recognition of calmodulin-binding sites in the neuronal and macrophage nitric oxide synthases: A surface plasmon resonance study. Biochemistry 35, 8742-8747.

Back to the Directory of P450-containing Systems home page:

Trieste site

Gödöllõ site